Extracción de lípidos de microalgas: un método novedoso a escala de laboratorio dentro de un enfoque de biorrefinería (fraccionamiento)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33414/rtyc.45.31-45.2022Palabras clave:
Microalga, Lípido, Fraccionamiento, biorrefineríaResumen
La extracción y fraccionamiento de lípidos de microalgas ha sido objeto de estudio recurrente debido al valor de mercado de ciertas familias de lípidos (carotenoides y xantofilas) y la oportunidad que representan los aceites de microalgas para la obtención de biocombustibles. La mayoría de los métodos desarrollados para la extracción total de lípidos de microalgas requieren una posterior separación de las diferentes familias (lípidos neutros, lípidos polares) a cuantificar. Además, la mayoría de ellos utilizan disolventes tóxicos y caros.
En el presente estudio, se probaron solventes menos tóxicos que son ampliamente utilizados en la industria, como hexano, acetona y etanol, en diferentes órdenes para la extracción de biomasa de microalgas de distinta composición y contenido de lípidos (es decir, tres niveles diferentes de estrés nutricional). También se presenta una comparación de los métodos propuestos por Bligh y Dyer, Folch y Hara y Radin. El nuevo método logra la extracción de lípidos totales de microalgas y la separación de las familias de lípidos simultáneamente.
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Derechos de autor 2022 Andrea Natalia Pila, Maria Carolina Cuello, Roberto Martin Schmitd, Ester Chamorro
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial 4.0.
