Photodegradation of endocrine disruptors using mesoporous ZnO: A comparative study between suspension and PAN nanofiber immobilized Systems

Abstract

This work addresses the removal of endocrine disruptors (EDs) from water through the development of mesoporous zinc oxide (ZnO), evaluating its performance in suspension and immobilization on novel polyacrylonitrile (PAN) polymer nanofibers. Structural characterization confirmed the formation of ZnO with a hexagonal crystalline structure, a mesoporous character, and with optical properties suitable for activation under UV-Vis irradiation. The PAN/ZnO nanofibers exhibited a homogeneous morphology, with a rough surface and adequate distribution of the semiconductor within the polimeric matrix. While immobilization is typically associated with activity losses due to the reduction of active sites, limitations in mass transfer, and restricted light utilization, the developed nanofibers maintained high photocatalytic activity, achieving degradation rates comparable to those of suspended powder. This technological advancement overcomes the limitations of photocatalyst recovery in suspension, facilitating its reuse in wastewater treatment without compromising its catalytic efficiency.