Clinical manifestations and arsenic exposure in a locality of Tucumán, Argentina

Abstract

Introduction: Endemic Chronic Regional Hydroarsenicism (HACRE) is a disease caused by chronic consumption of arsenic through water; characterized by producing long-term dermatological effects and serious systemic conditions.

Objectives: To analyze the arsenic content in water in an area of Tucumán considered endemic. Evaluate clinical manifestations compatible with HACRE.

Materials and methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study in Ranchillos-Tucumán. The concentration of arsenic in the drinking water was determined and the clinical examination was performed, evaluating dermatological and non-dermatological manifestations of the residents.

Results: 41 houses and 66 people were studied. 16% consumes water with more than 0.05 mg / l of arsenic, all have clinical manifestations related to the toxic. More than 75% of the habitant’s present manifestations compatible with arsenic in water with permitted levels. 52.5% presented melanodermia, the most frequent manifestation.  40% are with arterial hypertension.

Discussion: The existing literature coincides with this work regarding the toxic effects that Arsenic consumption occurs in long term, even at accepted concentrations. The relevance of this study in endemic areas is to provide updated information, in order to develop strategies for elimination, prevention and diagnosis.